Grid-Interactive EV Charging Infrastructure Using PV, Battery Energy Storage, and PEM Fuel Cel

Paper ID: EIJTEM_2025_12_4_97-105

Author's Name: Aluvala Naveen, C Radhacharan

Volume: 12

Issue: 4

Year: 2025

Page No: 97-105

Abstract:

This paper presents a grid-connected electric vehicle (EV) charging station integrated with a photovoltaic (PV) system and a battery energy storage system (BES), focusing on preserving grid power quality. To maintain a stable energy supply during low solar output or high demand periods, a proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell is incorporated as an auxiliary power source. The system identifies the positive sequence components (PSCs) of the three-phase grid voltages to generate unit templates (UTs) and reference currents, facilitating synchronized and efficient power management. A bidirectional buck-boost converter at the DC link manages the bidirectional energy transfer among the EV, battery, PV array, and fuel cell. During periods of adequate sunlight, the EV charging primarily relies on solar energy, while in conditions of reduced irradiance or high load, the system automatically switches to use the fuel cell and grid power. Grid voltage synchronization at the point of common coupling (PCC) ensures the preservation of power quality. The overall configuration is tested through dynamic simulations in MATLAB/Simulink, confirming efficient energy source coordination and enhanced support to the grid.

Keywords: photovoltaic (PV) array, Electric vehicle (EV) charging station, proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell, grid power quality, battery energy storage system (BESS),positive sequence components (PSC), unit templates (UT), bidirectional buck-boost converter

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